Hospice Case Studies
Module Summary: Terminal Agitation Case Study
This module explores the clinical recognition, causes, and management of terminal agitation in end-of-life care. Terminal agitation, also known as terminal restlessness or delirium, commonly occurs in patients during the final stages of life and can be distressing for both the patient and their family.
The video presents a patient case scenario demonstrating the signs and symptoms of terminal agitation, including confusion, restlessness, emotional distress, physical agitation, and possible hallucinations. The module emphasizes the importance of early assessment and identifying potential reversible causes such as pain, urinary retention, medication effects, hypoxia, metabolic imbalances, or infection.
A major focus of the module is interdisciplinary care and compassionate communication. Healthcare providers are encouraged to:
Perform thorough assessments
Prioritize patient comfort
Administer appropriate medications (such as opioids, benzodiazepines, or antipsychotics when indicated)
Provide reassurance and education to family members
The module also highlights the emotional impact on caregivers and the importance of explaining that terminal agitation can be a natural part of the dying process. Supporting family members through clear communication and empathy is presented as a key component of quality end-of-life care.
Overall, the module reinforces the principles of palliative care: comfort, dignity, symptom management, and holistic support during the final stages of life.